Multimessenger Constraints on the Central Engine in SN 2023ixf: Neutron Star or Black Hole?

The SN 2023ixf Event and Compact Remnant Identification

Astronomers analyzed the core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf to determine the nature of the compact object left behind in the explosion's wake. Massive stars concluding their evolutionary life cycles typically end in core collapse, creating either a dense neutron star or a black hole.

Using multimessenger astronomy constraints, researchers evaluated observational signals to narrow down the possible outcomes of this stellar explosion.

Gravitational Wave Constraints and Progenitor Mass

The lack of detected gravitational waves associated with SN 2023ixf provided crucial clues regarding the physics of the explosion. Direct black hole formation mechanisms generally produce distinct gravitational wave signatures that were absent in this case.

These multimessenger constraints indicate that the event likely spawned a neutron star rather than a black hole. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the progenitor star's initial mass was most likely below 20 solar masses.

Implications for Stellar Evolution Models

These findings provide important observational constraints for refining theoretical models of massive star deaths. Establishing the exact mass threshold that separates neutron star formation from prompt black hole collapse remains a major focus of modern astrophysics.

Follow-up multi-wavelength observations will continue to monitor the central remnant to confirm its physical properties and long-term emission characteristics.